Porter’s Five Forces The Threat of New Entrants (Low) Essay

There is a great amount of economies of learning and scale in the oil industry for Example BP has been searching for oil since 1901. They invest a huge amount in up-to-date technologies making it difficult for new entrants to compete. His obviously requires huge capital investments in R&D as well as start-up cost, for example a truck just to carry the oil costs over $1,000,000. There is a lot of regulation in the industry especially with regards to inter-continental politics which further reduces new entrants although in the USA there is less which allows for small firms (under 10 staff) to enter in areas such as Alaska and Texas. There is also a history of incumbent response; BP were fined jointly with TNK $35,200,000 for price fixing. Overall these factors lead to a very low risk of threat of new entrants. Supplier’s Power (High) A lot of oil in the world which is held in countries which are politically unstable and there is a risk that they may seize oil like Iran did to BP in 1951 or more recently Venezulea seized one of Exxon’s major projects. OPEC is a cartel which controls the amount of oil sold and produced. It controls 40% of the world’s supply of oil and holds a lot of power especially as BP also purchases oil from OPEC countries. Buyer Power (Low) As the good is not perishable oil companies do not need to sell it immediately and can therefore influence the flow of oil and also its price. Customers also have few substitutes so there is always a strong demand for the product. Furthermore individual buyer power is low as there are large amounts of customers who purchase low volumes. Demand is set to rise despite a weakening economy, which is shown by rising energy prices. The saving grace for customers is the low switching costs as products are undifferentiated and customers don’t have to sign a contract when they fill up there tank. Overall the buyer power is low because even though there are low switching costs OPEC affectively controls the price of oil so will increase this for the oil suppliers.

Hawthorne’s Typical Females Essay

Hawthorne’s stories talks a lot about human evil deeds and nature. Several of the themes are parables or allegorical depiction of human nature. Many readers believes that his stories posses morals which represents the culture and traditions during his time. Others consider his approach as sublimely misogynistic due to his portrayal of woman. This paper ought to present an analysis of Hawthorne’s stories. This includes ‘The Minister’s Black veil’, â€Å"Young Goodman Brown’ and ‘The Birthmark’. It involves a critical analysis of the themes and the plot of the stories centering on the presentation of women or female characters in the stories. Also, a high regards on the prevalent culture and traditions during the period when the stories were written will also be analyze to provide a brief history or background as to how the author come up with such ideas. Hawthorne Former American Literature prior to Hawthorne’s stories represents woman or female characters as innocent or as mothers caring, gentle and kind. In this regards one can assume that women are viewed and treated as weak, emotional, understanding and naive (Amoia, 1998). Some even viewed woman as threats which is depicted by Eve. Others discard women as simply unimportant. In literature they almost always play the role of supporting characters if not servants. This mirrors the typical view of woman during Hawthorne’s childhood. Men view woman to be inferior. Nonetheless such outlook does not affect Hawthorne’s judgment. Some scholars believe that this is due to the fact he grows up without a father. Living his whole life with woman around him, helping and caring for him (Amoia, 1998). Ideas common during the time revolves also with equality of men and women as expressed by Rousseau and his followers. In literature, women are always seen as witness of a crime or victims. Hawthorne’s stories tries to remove this stereotypical female function by creating female characters that serves as men’s companions rather than their servants. There is also emphasis given on men’s fear of woman as the main theme of his writings. Such conclusions are made not through observation but by experience. One should also note that most of Hawthorne’s writings create an impact of social deviation. As he tries to include his main theme in his stories, he also tries to cover it with the disastrous result of human sins or of evil. His writings primarily describe the Puritan way of life and the culture in America most specifically in Salem, which is his home town. In reading Hawthorne’s short stories, one would come across a prevailing plot of man’s failure or loss of power. Power can then be considered as the central idea where Hawthorne’s writings revolve. Men are rendered as powerful, women are displayed as weak. Such denotations stagger with Hawthorne’s persistent referral to women’s control of life. Young Goodman Brown In the ‘Young Goodman Brown’, Hawthorne portrays a man who is innocent about evil. Thus, Goodman Brown is a character who does not know about his mistakes or sins. Faith is Goodman’s wife, which also symbolizes Goodman’s faith in general with reference to life and God. The discovery of treachery or unfaithfulness of Faith leaves Goodman with doubts and a stereotypical female figure similar to Eve. Goodman’s view of Faith as a loving, spiritual wife changes into a whore-like woman similar to most women he knows. In this regards it seems that Hawthorne tries to dissect the usual marital relationship by magnifying man’s common notion of woman. This being woman along with sex and all other things which they represent are tools or apparatus which the devil uses to fool men. It seems that this perspective thrives on men’s mind for as early and as long as the story of Adam and Eve exists. The Christian religion creates the idea and practice of sexual intercourse as something unnatural and must be done, privately between husband and wife. Thus as can be seen in the story of Goodman Brown, the belief in such dogma led him to think that sex is unnatural. Hawthorne gives the reader the view about sex as something that degrades woman for eternity making it a sin. The Minister’s Black Veil The next story which also describes man and woman marital relationship is ‘The Minister’s Black Veil’. Although the focus of the story seems to revolve around Mr. Hooper and his black veil, the reader/s cannot miss the part wherein Mr. Hooper had a talk with Elizabeth. Elizabeth is Mr. Hooper’s fiancee in the story (Stearns). She is a good woman and their relationship is good up until Mr. Hooper starts to wear the black veil. The conversation between Elizabeth and Mr. Hooper is a confrontation regarding the wearing of the veil and the reason for it. To everyone it seems that the veil symbolizes something close to a secret sin. Hawthorne makes the female character looks good or nice while male characters are displayed with evilness. In this particular story, the male character appears deviant not only to the citizens but to the church as well. The wearing of the veil seems to symbolize a secret sin indeed. Nonetheless, if one would read the story in light of the female’s role, one will see that the veil actually prevents the marriage between Mr. Hooper and Elizabeth (Stearns). In first reading one may regard Elizabeth to be inconsiderate. Mr. Hooper even begs her to stay. But upon reading the conversation again, one will see that the smiles of Mr. Hooper symbolize success or the triumph to stay away from Elizabeth. This is in line with the celibacy rule of the church. Hawthorne seems to make his reader consider the fact that celibacy is but a form a male expression of dominance over women. Everyone in the town believes that the veil that the minister wears symbolizes sin and evil. Hawthorne uses this symbolism to define the norms and the way people think in that town. The story ends with Mr. Hooper telling the people that it is fine if such veil represents sins, nonetheless his sins are covered unlike their sins which are revealed. Hatred of woman seems to be obvious in the first few paragraphs of the story. There are consistent referrals on bachelors attending the sermon. The minister needs to attend the funeral of a young lady and the wife who does not want to eat with the minister. With celibacy as a form of excluding woman to a specific male sphere, misogyny is brightly illuminated. With celibacy man has triumph to exclude woman from the power vested upon them by God. Inventions or the proliferation of such conventions still exist nowadays with the same purpose but with less effect. Hawthorne makes it explicit that the veil does create a barrier that grabs away the possibility of woman entering the Minister’s life. Hawthorne assists his readers to generate the idea that the veil generates ‘power’. When he explains how the veil functions on his sermons and how the veil makes the Minister look more authoritative, it crates the impression that a veil signifies power and/or control. The Birthmark This addictive stance of man towards power was moreover expounded on Hawthorne’s ‘The Birthmark’. In this story Hawthorne creates a man of genius, depriving from the usual religious role. Hawthorne manages to construct a character which is a ‘man of science’. Such man has dedicated all his life to the pursuit of Utopia and/or perfection that by which demonstrated through the man’s persistence to out do Mother Nature. The female figure in the story is Georgiana whom the author describes to be almost perfect. Such descriptions of perfection compose physical appearance which must be flawless and fair. This type of ‘beauty myth’ is something that exists during Hawthorne’s era up until today. This idea of beauty has successfully controlled women over the years. It defines woman’s status and possibilities in life. Another thing that is prominent in Hawthorne’s depiction of Georgiana was her submission to her husband’s wishes. The thought of her letting him do whatever he thinks to be applicable and best for her even if it means her own death. This sacrifice seems to explore the subjectivity of woman to men’s choices and women’s submission to men’s control. The story also depicts the profound way that men ‘disguise themselves’ as someone ‘not emotional’ concealing their true selves with a facade of illusions and self-deceptions. In the story, Aylmer conceal his emotional side by being a ‘man of science’ having the ‘genius’ to even try to counter nature. Although all of his experiments landed as failures, his display of objective knowledge gives him a higher authority or power over his wife. This is evident in the way by which the story ended, with his wife, Georgina submitting to his wants even at the costs of her death. The hatred of woman evident in the story as discussed by Fetterley covers man’s attempts to capture the power that both nature and woman share in common, the power to create. Such power is not available to men making him feel inferior. Fetterley also argues that the story provides insights on man’s ability to disguise ‘hatred as love, murder as idealization and failure as successes’. In this regard, I believe that Fetterley is right in her reading of the story. Man is indeed capable of masking himself with another identity apart from which he really is and what he really intends as can be seen on Aylmer’s vision of success marked by an inescapable failure, for his attempt to win over nature only led to a creation of death. Apparently, this creates an image that Aylmer is someone who would do anything to exceed nature and woman, even at the cost of death to prove his success. When Fetterley accounts that female was envisioned as ‘hideous and unnatural’ in the story, she mentioned the ‘cult of female beauty’ which create an idealization of women that makes her look ‘monstrous’ in her natural form. Women were portrayed to be hated on their natural form, just as in the story, when a birthmark represents an imperfection, a thing that may cause her to be hated and thus needs a remedy, which she will be wiling to accept even in expense of her own life. Fetterley showed that man posses such power over women that he can dictate and influence her outlook, he can even manage and control her life to his liking, making her a possession or a thing that owned by him. Deviation of Female Characters Georgiana deviates from the typical female character the most. She is someone who succumbs to the wishes of her husband as if she is a ‘lab mice’. Although she sees the blatant failures he committed in the past, she still worships his genius. At the face of death she still looks forward for his triumph. The other female character such as in the case of Elizabeth managed to leave her husband while Faith at least did not display such display of subjectivity. Elizabeth on the other hand deviates from Georgiana and Faith in the sense that she left her husband instead of standing by his side, which is the typical nature of Hawthorne’s female character. Female characters are always support characters but take the role as fire starters. It seems that they are the reason or is partially responsible for the actions made by their husbands. The male characters are displayed with an inclination towards evil. The woman are displayed innocent but it is implicitly shown that they are just doing what a good woman should do and how they should act in a society. At the least, plain reading of Hawthorne’s literature would create an image of woman as reason’s for male’s failure, an image that is common during their time. But thorough reading would guide the reader to the courage an power that woman posses and men lacks. Conclusion All in all, the writings of Hawthorne hold high respect for woman. Although it somehow discusses and depicts hatred of woman, it is quite obvious that it is not the authors purpose to promote such hatred. Instead the misogyny is elaborated to be able to present man’s cowardice and insecurity with respect to woman. It also present the different ways by which man tries to grab the power from woman by making them feel subordinates or looking down at them. Finally, Hawthorne creates female characters which display the typical female in his era. They do not argue with man as much as woman of today do however the way that men sees and/or treat woman stays the same. This might be rooted in the fact that women does not only permit men to treat them as subordinates and or objects but also encourage them. Work Cited Amoia, A. , Hawthorne’s Rome: Then and Now, Nathaniel Hawthorne Review. 1998. Fetterley, J. The Resisting Reader: A Feminist Approach to American Fiction. Indiana University Press. 1981. Stearns, F. The life and genius of Nathaniel Hawthorne. Wineapple, B. Hawthorne: A Life.. 2004. PagebyPageBooks. com. NAtaniel Hawthorne. Retrieved on April 18, 2008, from http://www. pagebypagebooks. com/Nathaniel_Hawthorne/

Are the Differences Between Management and Leadership Essay Example for Free

Are the Differences Between Management and Leadership Essay What are the Differences Between Management and Leadership? † Management and leadership are closely related but is not the same thing. They are both necessary and complementary to each other. In the corporate world, there are vastly different jobs that require different skills. There are similarities with the two and you can hardly become a great manager without good leadership capabilities. Being a manger does not always mean that the person has the natural ability to lead. And being a good leader does not always make for the best manager. Leaders can be found in all departments of the workplace. A person can be called a leader if he can successfully influence and encourage colleagues to work toward and objective in which the goal is beneficial to the group. The leader’s job is basically to inspire and motivate. Leadership is an ability that is difficult for some people to learn. However, they may not be able to handle difficult business related issues that a manager might have to handle. A manager is considered a leader by definition of the position. Employees are required to follow this individual as required in their job descriptions. Managers offer stability and confidence in organization. Managers are good at delegating tasks and achieving results, but may not be the first person employees look to for guidance. Management may be described as doing things right, while leadership is doing the right thing. Managers have subordinates, while leaders have followers. Employees may not feel a sense of loyalty to a manager, but will stick with the leader because they have a greater sense of belief in them. Managers who don’t have true leadership skills lack certain qualities that are attractive to followers, such as charisma. Being able to blend the styles of a leader and a manager represents a distinguished skills set. That’s why people with the ability to be leaders and mangers are found at the top of all successful companies. The most successful businesses and teams have strong leaders who know how to motivate employees and managers to the results needed to achieve success. I personally think businesses should carefully review applicants for management positions to make sure they have the abilities to lead as well as manage. If the applicant does not possess all of the qualities needed to be a great manager then perhaps they are not the right person for the job. I would not want a manager who you could not depend on in times of crisis and conflict. http://guides. wsj. com/management/developing-a-leadership-style/what -is-the-difference-between-management-and-leadership. Are the Differences Between Management and Leadership. (2018, Oct 31).

What are the Key Reasons Why Traditional Expatriation Appointments and Essay

What are the Key Reasons Why Traditional Expatriation Appointments and Repatriation Often Fail What can MNCs Do about this - Essay Example In this regard, it is observed that most of the MNCs in the current globalized world is encountered with the high rate of the expatriates and repatriates failure. Such failure witnessed by the MNCs has reduced their capacity to sustain their business smoothly and profitably in the overseas market. At the same time, the increasing failure rate related to traditional expatriation appointments and repatriation has drawn urgent demand for resolving these challenges faced by the MNCs (Harzing, 1995).   Collings & et. al. (2007) asserted that staffing issues in the international context are complex and challenging. Despite the challenges associated with the staffing issues, it has been argued that MNCs are using traditional expatriation appointments on a frequent basis. Accordingly, myriad reasons have been propagated behind the use of traditional expatriation appointments. In this regard, one of the potential reasons has been associated with the rapidly growing demand for competent and experienced global managers which is accompanied by the reduced supply of the same. The other reasons include the desire of the parent company to acquire centralized decision making and control over the operations of the subsidiary located in the overseas market. Thoo (2013) has defined expatriate failure as â€Å"as the expatriate’s premature return to his or her home country prior to the completion of his or her actual assignment duration†. Accordingly, Thoo (2013) has identified multiple reasons that contribute towards expatriate failure.

D.P Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

D.P - Essay Example From the very outset, identity is established as a prominent theme. In this way, the story’s setting is a German World War II orphanage. This is a significant setting as it allows Vonnegut to explore the lives of individuals with conflicting identities, most prominently Joe. Vonnegut writes, â€Å"The village carpenter†¦always came out of his shop to†¦speculate, with idlers his shop attracted, the nationalities of the passing kid’s parents† and â€Å"See the little French girl†¦look at the flash of those eyes† (Vonnegut 132). In this way the setting is highly unique. While it is a German orphanage, it is contained in a zone of American occupation. Additionally, the children contained in the orphanage have traits of differing nationalities, such as skin color, accents, or unique hair, however many of them speak German. In this context, Vonnegut greatly complicates traditional notions of identity, as the children in this orphanage exhibit conf licting backgrounds. There is the further consideration of the time of the story occurring in World War II. As such, the atrocities of war can be viewed as creating an existential crisis that demands traditional boundaries of identity be reimagined. The themes of belonging and place are further advanced in Vonnegut’s characterization of Joe. ... Clearly, Joe embodies a highly conflicted identity. While he has been given a notably German name – Karl Heinz – his skin color places him at odds with typical German culture. Additionally, Joe’s position as an outsider has led to his being imbued with a characteristic black American name – Joe Louis. Ultimately, in this characterization Vonnegut is deconstructing notions of identity and forcing the reader and Joe alike to consider exactly what constitutes a ‘self’. The themes of place and belonging are prominently implemented in terms of Joe’s own questioning of his background. While Joe is told by the nuns that his parental lineage is unknown, his suspicions are aroused when a boy Peter tells him that his mother was German and his father was American; notably, this multi-ethnic lineage – American and German – further complicates Joe’s identity. In terms of the theme of place, Joe begins to question the very nature of America and being an American. Vonnegut clarifies, â€Å"’What is an American?’ Joe said. ‘It is a person from another country.’ ‘Near here?’ ‘There are some near here, but their homes are far, far away – across a great deal of water.’ ‘Like the river?’ ‘More water than that Joe. More water than you could ever see† (Vonnegut 133). This dialogue allows Vonnegut the opportunity to construct a meditation on the notion of place. While Joe asks a simple question, one recognizes the nun’s difficulty in providing an objective answer; rather, the nun must resort to a location, rather than an intrinsic form of being ‘American’. Again there is the consideration of the story’s context being World War II. This war featured the deaths of millions of people based largely

Environmental Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Environmental Science - Essay Example 1. The first step is identifying that there is no water supply. The next step is to see the possible causes – leakage/block in pipeline connected to this faucet; damage/clog in the main pipeline supplying water to the house; check for reports in press and media about possible maintenance work by water supply department or break down in power supply, contamination at the source of water supply, higher incidence of water borne diseases being reported. The hypothesis can be physically verified. 2. Principle of Repeatability: Water samples can be collected from a variety of households and tested for the presence of pathogens, their population levels and toxicity. If similar results emerge from a majority of the water samples collected and analysed for the same parameters then the hypothesis may be accepted. 3. A self-centred, consumerist, ‘what’s in it for me’ attitude person, would not want to, or, even be able to understand environmental issues and concerns. The decision to exploit or use a natural resource, not just trees, must definitely, be based on a detailed risk analysis and must also take into consideration the views of the people who are directly dependent and benefit from the resource. 2. Temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity & suspended sediments, specific conductivity, hardness. Testing water quality for these parameters gives a general indication of the commercial activities prevalent in the area and is a good indicator of the environmental health of the region. 3. The process of converting atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia is called nitrogen fixation. The fixed nitrogen is then used by plants to convert them into amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids etc. Animals use these to build proteins and other molecules 4. The primary producers and top consumers have not changed. The difference now though, is the unbalanced structure of the food chain and food web

Finding Our Way Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Finding Our Way - Essay Example This proposal will largely reduce environmental pollution. Preserving land for environmental reasons may result into less housing issues but when the government sets price floor then the land’s price may hike and further make housing less affordable. As a result, the article proposes that high density housing should be encouraged to benefit builders but this idea may not be received well by the communities opposed to the higher density development. Education is another vital aspect in economic growth. Although quality education is considered important, less attention is paid to alter financial system of education. The author suggests that the issue of education may be solved by the government taking larger portion of education cost to encourage property tax saving. No Child Left Behind school scorecard should continue with its intended purpose of evaluating individual improvement. The program has failed to address challenges facing children living in poverty such as inability to learn from home because of frequent sickness and hunger . Part of the money used in this program may be used to boost education of students living in poverty. Educated immigrants maybe very useful in providing workforce that may stir the economy. Transportation is an important aspect of resource distribution and should therefore be evenly distributed. But because of inability to expand it imposed by factors such as financial constraint developing a centralized transportation location may be very useful in ensuring proper distribution of resources. Environmental pollution may hinder economic growth but since there should be economic activities going on regardless of environmental challenges, few of the activities such as housing and transportation may be allowed to ensure minimal pollution of environment. Education is another significant factor that can catapult economic growth but because it is a

Who is above the law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Who is above the law - Essay Example The Rule of Law is unarguably the cornerstone of a democratic society and its’ basic tenet is the acknowledgement that the law is supreme. The law itself reflects the will of the citizens, and the judiciary is authorized to hold all government officials accountable for their actions. It is encapsulated in the conviction that â€Å"no man is above the law† (Dicey, qtd. in Li). Its’ major principles are (a) The law is the regulator of government power. (b) All men are equal before the law. (c) The law is based on a judicial system which uses fair, transparent, consistent and documented procedures and decisions. In certain circumstances, individuals are held to be free from liability to answer to the law. This legal status is referred to as ‘immunity from the law,’ and includes: diplomatic immunity, conferred on government representatives on foreign soil; sovereign immunity, which originated with kings and now includes the federal government and its’ officials; judicial immunity, which protects a judge from liability for his decisions. Immunity is also extended to witnesses in exchange for their assistance during a trial (Criminal Law Web site). As a rule, officials are granted ‘qualified immunity,’ which shields them from prosecution when they act in good faith. The advocates of immunity allege that it is essential to shield government officials from the law, so that they can execute their duties and make decisions based on the evaluation of the common good, without being influenced by the need to protect themselves from prosecution. Other arguments are the heavy costs of litigation against officials, the distraction of officials from their duties, their hesitancy to exercise independent judgment and the discouragement of capable people from joining government service (everything2 Web site). Contrary to the above arguments, it is only when every government

Contemporary issues in marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Contemporary issues in marketing - Essay Example Organizational knowledge is enhanced through effective use of the information collected. Knowledge management hence rests on two foundations - utilizing and exploiting the organization’s information and application of people’s skills, talents, thoughts, and imagination (Broadbent, 1998). Human expertise is utilized for business advantage. Customer relationship management (CRM) focuses on the needs of the customer and integrates technologies and business processes (Bose, 2002). The process is the same as KM where knowledge about the customers is captured, analyzed and utilized to enhance the product or services to the customer. CRM thus revolves around marketing and deep analysis of customer behaviour. The knowledge acquired about the customer can be a powerful tool in not only acquiring new customers but even for the retention of the existing customers. It can help segment the customers based on their lifestyle and purchasing habits (McKim & Hughes, 2001). Thus, KM enha nces customer relationship and hence to serve the customers better, knowledge of the customers is vital. Therefore, an integration of Km and CRM has led to the development of the customer knowledge management (CKM) model (Gebert, Geib, Kolbe & Brenner, 2003). 1b. ICT is very vital for the successful implementation of CRM. ICT ca help extract huge amount of information on the customer and it enables measuring the relationship value at each stage of the relationship. For effective implementation, there must be a customer database, a communication channel and an application of relationship management (Park & Kim, 2003). This can convert one-time buyers into loyal customers. In the digital economy, ICT has changed the way businesses function. There is increased transparency of information even though this has also led to new competitors and new products in every field of business (Koerner & Zimmermann, 2000). With the help of ICT, new industry structure and business models

Health Policy Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Health Policy Analysis - Assignment Example Patient navigators and navigator programs therefore became necessary in terms of providing the much needed connection between patient populations and providers with an aim of improving healthcare outcomes. Patient navigator and outreach services dates back to the year 1971 when then US President Richard Nixon ratified the National Cancer Act. Since then there have been significant improvements in healthcare outcomes in terms of reducing cancer related mortality. This can be attributed to better measures at preventing, screening and diagnosing cancer as well as the use of better treatments for the same. However, poor persons, those without any medical insurance and those without sufficient insurances covers have continued to show low 5-year survival and high rates of mortality. Disconnects still exist between discovery and delivery enterprises and also between what is known and what is applied to all people. Disparities arise when medical interventions meant for all are not equally distributed. Disparities are also occasioned by a combination of economic, cultural and social issues (Freeman and Rodriguez, 2011). Poverty is a very important cause of healthcare disparities when it comes to the management of cancer and other chronic illnesses. Poverty is a complex problem associated with other issues such as lower levels of educational achievement, squalid living conditions, total lack or insufficient social assistance, lack of employment, risky lifestyles and reduced healthcare service access. As per the 2010 national census, 14.3% of the US population representing a whooping 43.6 million persons was poor the year 2009 alone. In the same year 16.7% (50.7 million) of American citizens did not have any health insurance cover. Furthermore statistics have shown a huge gap in terms of the five year survival rates for cancers between the poor and the rich; survival is ten percent lower among the poor Americans compared to the rich. An emerging

Design - Potassium Dichromate Essay Example for Free

Design Potassium Dichromate Essay Introduction: The reaction that is carried out in this design practical is between acidified Potassium dichromate and Iron wool. The reaction is a redox reaction. A Redox reaction (a short way of saying reduction-oxidation reaction) is the simultaneous transfer of electrons between multiple substances. The oxidation numbers or the oxidation state of atoms is changed through the process of oxidation or reduction. Reduction is where electrons are gained to the reaction and oxidation is when electrons are lost in a reaction between substances. In this experiment Iron (or Fe) is losing two electrons meaning it undergoing oxidation. Potassium Dichromate is gaining electrons meaning it is undergoing reduction. The Iron is the Reducing agent because it gave electrons to the Potassium Dichromate. The Potassium Dichromate is the oxidising agent because it took electrons from the iron. This experiment will attempt to prove the redox reaction through experimentation. Redox half equations: x3 ( Fe à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Fe2+ + 2e- ) Cr2072- + 14H+ + 6e- à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 2Cr3+ + 7H2O Cr2072- + 14H+ + 3 Fe à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 2Cr3+ 7H2O 3Fe2+ Aim: The aim of this experiment is discover the relationship between the temperature (20à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C,25à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C,30à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C,35à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C,40à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C) of the reaction between acidified Potassium Dichromate and Iron using a water bath on the rate in which the acidified Potassium Dichromate and Iron react and change colour from yellow to dark purple. The independent variable in this experiment is the temperature. The reaction will be carried out at a range of temperatures. (20à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C,25à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C,30à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C,35à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C,40à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C) . The reaction will be carried out in a water bath. The temperature will be measured with an electronic thermometer and will be measured every 10 seconds to make sure the water bath is at a constant temperature in each trial. The dependent variable is the time it takes for the reaction between Potassium Dichromate and Iron wool to come to completion or to turn from yellow to green. Time will be measured with a digital stopwatch. Independent variable: Independent variable Range (à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.1à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C) How it is measured How they are changed Temperature 20,25,30,35,40 Electronic thermometer Changing temperature of water bath Dependent variable: Dependent Variable How it is measured Problems Time Stop watch controlled by human Reaction time Constant variables: Constant variables Measurement How they are kept constant /monitored Amount of H2SO4 used 20ml à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.1 The same measuring cylinder was used Amount of Potassium Dichromate used 20ml à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.1 The same measuring cylinder was used Stirring speed Slow but constant Magnetic stirrer wasnt able to be used in water bath, so I manually stirred the solution slow and constantly Mass of wool 0.295g 0.305g à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.01 Mass of iron wool was kept as close as possible in each test Surface area of wool 6cm3 Wool was squeezed into cube shape 1cmx1cmx1cm Type/brand of wool Superior manufactures ltd Same box of Iron wool is used Air temperature 19.0à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.1à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C Tests are carried out on same day Concentration of sulphuric acid 2.0 mol Same bottle is used in each test Concentration of potassium dichromate 0.1 mol Same solution is used in each test Colour Yellow- dark green A pilot with dark green colour is used to compare to the colour change in the trials How to ensure reliability of results: To ensure the reliability of results the temperature of the water bath and the reaction are measured very frequently (once a min). The chemicals came from the same containers as to keep concentration consistent. I did a pilot test first to see what colour I am looking for. This beaker of dark green liquid is then used to compare with the colours in the trials so I know when the reaction has come to completion. Equipment: 1) 5x 20ml Sulphuric acid-2.0mol 2) 5x 20ml Potassium Dichromate- 0.1mol 3) 5x 100ml Beakers 4) 1x Digital stop watch à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.5 sec 5) 1x Electronic thermometer à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.1à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C 6) 1x large water bath à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.1à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C 7) Approximately 2g Iron wool- split into 5x 0.300g -1cm3 -cubes Method: 1) Gather all the equipment that is listed in the equipment list provided above and prepare a table like the one shown on the following page. 2) Secondly set your water bath at 20à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C. Weigh the iron with electronic scales (à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.001g) wool making and modify its mass to make it 0.300g or as close as you can get. Squeeze the iron wool so that the wool is approximately 1cmx1cmx1cm. This makes the surface area constant over the trials. 3) Next measure 20ml with a 50ml à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½1ml measuring cylinder of 0.1mol Potassium dichromate. Pour it into a 100ml beaker making sure to pour all drops into the beaker. Measure 20ml of 2.0mol sulphuric acid with a 50ml à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½1ml measuring cylinder. Pour it into the same 100ml beaker as the potassium dichromate. 4) Measure the temperature of the water bath the an electric thermometer making sure it is 20à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C. When certain the temperature is constant place the beaker with the potassium dichromate and sulphuric acid into the water bath. Make sure as much of the beaker is under the water as possible but keeping enough above not to let any of the water in. Get someone else to hold the beaker down if required. 5) Measure the temperature of the potassium dichromate and sulphuric acid making sure the temperature is exactly 20à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C. When satisfied this is accurate hold the stop watch in one hand and the 0.300g à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.001g iron wool in the other hand. Place the iron wool in the beaker and simultaneously push the start button on the digital stop watch. The colour should change from yellow to a dark green colour. As soon as you are satisfied the colour has changed to the dark green colour push the stop button on the digital stop watch. Record this time in your pre prepared data table. 6) Next repeat steeps (2-5) 5 times with the same chemicals. These will be the five trials. 7) Repeat steps (2-6) 5 times but now change the water bath temperature. The range of temperatures are ). Record all the data in the table you have prepared. Data Table: Raw data table showing the effect of a change on temperature on the rate in which the reaction between acidified Potassium Dichromate and Iron wool occurs.

A Story from the Childhood That Is Reenacting My Life Today Essay Example for Free

A Story from the Childhood That Is Reenacting My Life Today Essay Years ago when I was a small kid, there was a point in time when I thought I was going to die or was going to live in a way other than other normal people. I accidentally cut my finger with a scissors by mistake while I was at my father’s work place for a visit. As a little child, I was very frightened by the look of blood and thought I was going to lose my finger or hand back then. My father used to be a banker working in one of the leading banks in Kuwait. I recall my father told me that he was going to be away for some time from his desk to do some important work and once he comes back he will get me chocolates and candy. While I was playing around at my father’s office I picked up a scissors and starting cutting papers and then I screamed as I have cut myself by mistake in my finger. Moments after, a colleague of my father ran into his office and helped me. His name was Ali. He helped me clear the blood quickly and was very supportive. I recall Ali’s response was exactly what a kid in such situation would hope for. He cared over me in delicate and nurturing manner. My whole world changed since that day, as a child I have developed love and respect to Ali and used to ask my father to take me to his office every school holiday to see Ali. I recall I used to prefer sitting in his office than staying at my father’s. I grew up having the same thoughts till the day I have graduated from high school as I have then decided to study Accounting and Finance in order to allow me to work in a bank and be a good caring person like the people I used to see when I was a child at my father’s work.

Importance Of Environmental Scanning Marketing Essay

Importance Of Environmental Scanning Marketing Essay This study is regarding the EMI Music Company, EMI group is a worldwide music library from one corner to another corner of the world. This study is only focusing on the UK music market to come up with the marketing planning and the marketing strategy of the company. In the start this information is generous a concise opening of the environmental scanning and its consequence in stipulations of EMI music library. Additionally this study take part in marketing analysis through acting the macro, micro and swot analysis. The end of this report is take part in analysis the Uk music industry and Additionally this study is performing the market analysis via performing the macro, micro and SWOT analysis. In the last part of this report is analysing the UK music market and reinforcement the business of music in esteem to EMI Music group. This study is illustrating the marketing mix 4Ps and PORTERS 5 forces. The report is ending with some recommendation for EMI Music Company to plan their business in terms of marketing planning on the basis of study that is done. Environmental Scanning Every organisation is responsible for the environment that it creates. The organisations operation and structure all directly affected by the environment. Organisations environment impacts on resources and opportunities that how they can be treated? It is primary objective of the organisation to take care of the companys operations that how they are affecting the environment. For the successful growth and development of business it is important to develop such a strategies those can be assist operate the business operations. [1] To understand the environmental scanning it is important to identify the business and how it can affect the environment business around. The definition of Environmental scanning is Environmental scanning is a process of gathering, analyzing, and dispensing information for tactical or strategic purposes. The environmental scanning process entails obtaining both factual and subjective information on the business environments in which a company is operating or c onsidering entering. The environmental scanning can be achieved by several ways but three important ways of scanning environment are given below: Ad-hoc Scanning: Very unpredicted and short-term, mostly used in emergencies or crisis. Regular Scanning: This scanning process being done after a certain period but regularly (e.g once in a quarter or once in a year) Continuous Scanning: This is an ongoing process and remains in continuous state, have broad range of spectrum. The work of researcher through many studies, surveys and researches shows, now a days most of the business likes to implement the continuous scanning. The continuous scanning allows businesses to take actions very quickly and effectively with keep tracking the work. Importance of Environmental Scanning Environmental scanning is important for the organisation to step out or find the exact solution for companys procedure. Environmental scanning helps organisations to improve or enhance the ability of working for changing environment in stable means. The following highlighted points are given below: It enables organisation to gain capitalise of the business in early stages of the business as compare to their competitor. Environmental scanning give alerts to the organisation well before time for the impending problems. These problems can be handled and solutions can be found well before time if they are noticed well before time. This process sensitises the companys exact time of changing in environment process to meet the wishes and desire of their potential customers. This scanning process helps to find out the qualitative information in regards to the environment to assist the strategist to find the best suitable strategies for the company. It helps to strategy making bodies in their decision making process by providing them the simulation of the resource and risks. Give more opportunities to increase the business and adds extra points in the good will of the company by adding the ability of environment scanning person. It provides opportunity to companys executive in continuing the broad based studies. Helps the strategy developers in finding the latest and up-to date strategies for the organisation. Macro Environment Environment scanning is most commonly done on the macro level. The macro level analysis may contain the definition of the market, analysing the market size, potential market, market segmentation, structuring the industry, group management, competition, finding the market trends. The Macro analysis in the industry of music is defined as: In music theory, macro analysis is a method of transcribing, or writing down chords that may be used along with or instead of conventional musical analysis. Rather than roman numerals and figured bass symbols often used, letter names are used to indicate the roots of chords and are followed by symbols which specify the chord quality Market segmentation Market segmentation is very common term to identify the group of people or organisations those have the some common characteristics and need a same or similar product for the cause. According to market analysts the market segmentation may have the criteria. The different segments have different needs but it is necessary that same segment have the same need and using the same product to fulfil their needs. These groups can be further more categorised by the consumption of products by according to their needs. The market segmentation can be concerned and can be viewed in more detail as positive or negative applications of the same idea. Variables Used for market segmentation: In general terminology the market can be segmented on Geographical locations, demographic attributes, psychographic, behaviour of people and technological segmentation. SWOT Analysis Strength Strong global presence EMI Group, PLC has a worldwide market in nearly 50 countries; among its major market are North America, Continental Europe, Latin America, UK Ireland, Australia, Japan and Asia. World largest independent music company In 2002, EMI worldwide market share is 12.6%. Its large size gives many benefits such as cost reduction through economic of scale. Vast resources and strong market share also give the benefit of being able to attract the best staff and artists to the company which have a strong position for the future. Financial Performance Although EMI Group sales in fiscal 2003 decline compared to 2002, the company operating profit show excellent increased about 33.1% in 2003 compare to 2002. The improvement in operating profit was due to a comprehensive reorganization of EMI Record Music Division. World class artist roster EMI releases more than 1000 albums every year and has a roster of over 1300 artists. Among them are David Bowie, The Beatles, Norah Jones, Queen, Robbie William and many more. Weaknesses Difficulties in the US Market EMI has consistently been towards the bottom of the five majors in the US market share, which is the world largest recorded music market in the world. In 2003 it only command 9.8 % of US market share. Dont have conglomerate backing-EMI is the only top five music company that solely independent which not being own by larger corporation. This mean EMI has to generate its own resources without any help from other larger company. Decreasing in worldwide market share EMI Group, PLC worldwide market share dipped from 13.4% in 2002 to 12.6% in 2003. The worldwide decreasing were resulted from the decreasing of EMI Group market share in several major region in 2003 compared from 2002 which included North America (-0.03%), UK Ireland (-0.01%), Continental Europe (-1.7%), Latin America (-2.6%) and Australia (-0.10%). Opportunities Joint Venture / collaboration With recent merger attempts being stopped, EMI consolidation within the industry is becoming more difficult. Internet sales Internet has become the fastest growing media for music distribution and many analysts expect that the downloading trends will continue to grow in a future. More Open MA regulatory More open or liberalization of MA in music industry may increase EMI Group opportunity to acquire or merge with other music company. This will give EMI added market share and resources to compete with other major music companies. Focus on market where it has a strong market share and growth Although North America especially US is the biggest market for recorded music, however it seem that EMI having trouble to keep competing to gain more market share. Maybe EMI has to give more focus or gaining more in the market that it has a strong share such as UK Ireland, Australasia and Continental Europe. EMI also has to focus more in growing market region such as Japan and Asia. Threats Limited growth potential for recorded music The worldwide recorded music industry posted sales of $32 billion in 2002. The figure represent a 7% decline in Dollar sales and an 8% decrease in unit volume from 2001. Compared to 2001, sales of CD albums fell globally by 6% and there more continued declines in the sales of CD singles (down 16%) and cassettes (down 36%). These show that is very difficult to find growth opportunities in the market. Poor economics condition and exchange rate fluctuation As a global company operating in many countries worldwide, EMI Group, LTC is easily be vulnerable to the deteriorating economic condition worldwide and fluctuation in exchange rates and interest rates. These can often adversely affect both revenues and profits for the company. Filling low In early September 2003, RIAA filed 261 separate lawsuits in US against individuals engaged in unauthorized file sharing. Industry analysts expected that litigation would have a short-run dampening effect on unauthorized CD downloading and burning. However it was viewed as having a minima long-run effect on this practice. Aggressive Competition The recorded music industry is very competitive which dominates by five larger companies which included Universal Music Group, Sony Music Entertainment, Warner Music Group, BMG Entertainment and EMI Group, PLC. EMI has to always consider any action from competitors which may effect the company competitive position. UK Music Market Before continuing to any marketing strategy it is important to understand the market of the geographical location and trends of the targeted market. For this analysis it is important to understand the concept of the music industrys content and structure. The Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) offers a description of the music industry as involving businesses and organisations that record, produce, publish, distribute and market recorded music. In addition to these, four main stakeholders characterize the music industry the artist, the consumers, the music agents and the distributors. However, in seeking to define the industry it is acknowledged that no one definition can capture its diverse nature in terms of (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) musical activity and commerce. In commercial terms the global music industry is a multibillion dollar segment of the media industries and has reached a stage of maturity in its lifecycle. However with the rise of the digital era, it is undergoing signific ant transformation. With a core business sector comprising the record companies and music publishers, the global music industry transcends national boundaries and pervades virtually every culture and every society. Marketing Mix 4 Ps Product: Once EMI has taken control to the UK music market for the marketing of their products, it is the responsibility of the management to make the desired strategies which will explore products in country which also can raise their market share price. EMI has to look for their strategies according to the need of music listener and their needs and should the product as accordingly. [8] Price: Price is very important factor to be notice before planning any marketing plans and it mostly depends upon the area and the population. Everyone buys product according to pocket and if any rivals in the same area where EMI operates unable to low their cost, EMI can get the competitive advantage by keeping themselves in the market. In UK at present EMI offers promotions on mostly of their products and all promo prices are still cheaper then the other rivals. [8] Place: For more expansion of the business EMI need to do big investments in the areas where lands are cheap which normally localities are in the district and village and in general the public lives in those areas are of similar minded which can give extra advantage for do marketing. Also opening stores in the disadvantaged areas enable EMI to win the trust of local communities by providing them job opportunities in their stores. [8] Promotion: Promotion has a very vital role in any business revenue as if the business is not attaining their targets the best way is to use promotions 1st and if no result could come up, change the strategy. EMI and all different companies in the world use promotion to sell out their product. Keeping the product for a long time puts an extra burden for the warehouses which could leads to company loss if any of them gets out of date. During recession EMI and other rivals have good offers on their products to win the loyalty of their customers. PORTER Five Forces 1. Competition from substitutes: Within the music industry the threat of substitutes is extremely high. The internet has created an emerging source of substitute competition in the form of digital music and digital delivery. The availability of substitutes allows consumers to make performance and price comparisons with the option of switching to download music. The growth of both illicit and subscription downloading is effectively leading to the direct substitution of recorded music for digital alternatives. With little cost or inconvenience consumers are switching, to digital and online music services attracted by the value- added benefits of greater convenience, diversity of choice and lower costs compared with traditional formats. 2. Threat of entry: The threat from new entrants has increased with the growth of the internet. Lower capital investment and operational costs for online distribution has lowered the entry barriers for new independent record companies. As a direct consequence, new entrants compete on a more level playing field, where size is no longer a determinant of success or failure within the online market. With diversity of demands, new entrants have the opportunity to achieve success through niche target marketing. Furthermore with these evolutionary changes, traditional distribution channels are less relied upon and new entrants can compete through online distribution and marketing. However starting up in the music industry still involves risks, where investing in a new- artist may involve unrecoverable sunk costs. Representing a new artist requires financial resources, experience and substantial contact networks and with limited resources independents might find it hard to break in to the industry. The major pl ayers have already achieved a substantial competitive advantage with well established contact networks, global reputations and long- term relationships with artists. Their financial muscle and repertoire of artists enables them to spread risk over their range of portfolio projects. 3. Rivalry between established players: Internal rivalry and competition within the industry is high and remains tightly concentrated between Sony BMG, Universal, Warner and EMI. With the increase of independent labels entering the industry competition has increased. Large and small companies are now directly competing to attract artists and improve market share in both the physical and online markets. Due to the intense nature of this competition, decisions made by one company can influence others. For the main companies this intense rivalry means that their market share fluctuates through competition and can no longer be guaranteed. With parallelism pricing decisions CDs are priced at similar levels and as such companies are looking to their artists as a means of differentiation whilst attempting to offer the most creative channels of music distribution. 4. Bargaining power of buyers: The emergence of the digital music market has increased the strength of buyers bargaining power. Through online network communities, consumers bargaining power is strengthened by the abundance of online information. Consumers are now much more price sensitive and are becoming an empowered force, directly influencing how music is delivered and in what format. With the growing perception that they offer nothing more than capital, record companies are forced to react, reinventing their business models accordingly. 5. Bargaining power of suppliers: The bargaining power of suppliers within the industry has lowered .The artists can now choose to circumvent the suppliers by either setting up their own label or promoting their music via the internet. This has substantially increased artists control over earnings and marketing. Recommendations The following recommendations are provided in light of the key issues facing the company. EMI Group revenue has gone down 15.79% in the 2007 fiscal year and led it to low gross profit, net profit and ROCE ratios, as well as undesirable EPS figures. It is vital for EMI to offset the decline in CD sales and adapt to the changes in the environment to remain being attractive to investors and artists. With the growing power of the internet and technologies, the top management may consider to put weight into effective e-commerce marketing instead of continuing with traditional expensive marketing methods. It is also essential to understand that gaining market share in the digital music area should be highly prioritized as the trend of the music industry is clearly moving towards the technological side. Piracy has nonetheless become a serious issue in the industry with the rapid development of technology. It is highly advisable for EMI to cooperate with its competitors to target piracy. The possibility of achieving a satisfactory result against piracy is high with their dominant power in the industry. By bringing in game theory logic, it would be more sensible to work with the rivals in this scenario to protect revenues in the future. In addition to sales of record music, there are many other income generating activities such as concerts, merchandise and sponsorship. It is, of course, important that EMI continue developing its key strengths whiles adjusting its strategy to the changing environment. The quality of music produced is the core of the business; EMI should definitely try to keep successful artist as well as continuing to identify new artists with potential to growth.

The Government’s Spending Review 2010 :: American Government, Budgeting, Spending Plans

The Government’s Spending Review 2010 The way the government sets out its budget is through allocation of monies to different governmental departments. These departments then allocate monies for services such as, health, defence, welfare benefits etc. â€Å"The Spending Review is the way that the Government sets spending plans for each department over a period of several years† (Anon, 2010)[1]. On 20th October 2010, the Government announced substantial UK spending cuts with local authorities, police, defence and welfare budgets all reduced. As a result the Government intends to â€Å"cut  £81 bn from public spending over four years† (BBC, 2010)[2]. Up to 500,000 public sector jobs could go by 2014/15, as a result of the cuts programme, according to the Office for Budget Responsibility (HM Treasury, 2010)[3]. Over the last few years the gap between what the Government took in as income and what it had to borrow to spend on services grew significantly. The yearly gap between the Government’s income and what it spends is known as the ‘deficit’. In recent years this deficit has grown in size. The key outcome from the Spending Review 2010, was to set in train a process of cutting the deficit and to make it more manageable and affordable in the future years. The government intends to do this through, reduction in government spending, such as, savings from welfare reforms and increases in taxation, e.g. the increase in VAT to 20 percent in January 2011 (Williamson, 2010)[4]. In the UK the Government obtains its income mainly from taxation, National Insurance contributions and excise duties. Due to the recession which began in 2008, the Government’s income dropped, but Government spending continued to increase. The deficit last year (2009/10) was  £155 bn (Anon, 2010)[1]. This is the amount of additional money the Government had to borrow to be able to pay for its spending on governmental activities last year. Macroeconomics The UK Government is pinning its hopes in the growth of the British economy, to help increase its income from taxation and by reducing the size of the public sector. The Office for National Statistics (ONS,2010)[5], confirmed in its press release on 24th November 2010, that the â€Å"UK economy grew at 0.8% between July and September 2010†. The 0.8% figure represents a slow down from 1.2% in the second quarter, but is still better than had been expected in the summer (Grierson, 2010)[6].

censorhf The Banning of Huckleberry Finn Essays -- Adventures Huckleb

No Justification for the Banning of Huckleberry Finn Columnist James J. Kilpatrick wrote that Huck Finn is "a fun book for white boys to read. For black children, I have come to realize, it is a brutal slap in the face." He condemns the book because of its use of the word "nigger." Many school districts have banned this book for the same reason. Since the Civil War, racism has been a very delicate issue with the American public. Whereas some people have tried to transgress this issue, pretending that race no longer plays a significant role in our country, other people still believe that there are serious racial dilemmas in the United States. I am one these people. However, unlike some, I do not believe this problem can be solved by avoiding or sugarcoating the issue of race, as James L. Kilpatrick and several schools appear to be doing. In the novel Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Mark Twain presents an adventure story filled with deeper meanings and controversial topics, two in particular being slavery and racism. Despite the usage of the word "nigger" and the stereotypical portrayal of African Americans, I do not think schools have any justification in banning this book from reading lists. Mark Twain wrote Huck Finn during the Reconstruction period in the south, at a time when most Americans wanted to forget all about the institution of slavery and its consequences. However, Twain set the time period of this novel prior to the Civil War when slavery was at its peak. Thus, the racist views he included in the book mirrored the attitudes of most southerners ... ...acist attitudes prevalent in South at this time. For all those school administrators who say that the language and ideology of Twain’s writing is offensive, well, maybe Twain wanted to offend people with this novel. Maybe he wanted to offend them so much that they would come to the realization that individuals should not conform to society’s standards, one of these standards being slavery. Until someone is offended, status quo doesn’t change. Maybe it’s about time that we remove the blindfold from our nation’s youth and stop trying to be politically correct. Maybe it’s about time that kids are exposed to the true horror of racism and prejudice so to detour them from repeating fatal mistakes. High school students are neither naïve nor stupid; they can handle the contents of this novel, and hopefully, learn from Twain’s messages.

Instant Messenger Programs Essay -- Communication Computers Internet E

Analysis of Instant Messenger Programs From telegrams to telephones, to emails and faxes, people have had a strong desire to be connected to one another. The onset of the information age has only increased that desire - to the point that people are seeking a constant connection. The introduction of instant messenger programs has allowed people to be connected and communicate in real-time. Instant messaging not only provides transfer of text messages, but peer-to-peer file sharing as well. While file transfer provides the user with increased convenience, it also increases the odds of transferring viruses, worms, and other malware. This paper will discuss the major instant messenger programs: AOL IM, .NET Messenger, ICQ, and Yahoo! Messenger. In particular it will explore the threats and security risks involved in both personal and professional use of instant messenger programs. Introduction As the name suggests, instant messaging, or IM, is the real-time delivery of a message from one user to another. Communication between any computing stations can occur as long as the appropriate version of the program is installed. Users must also be concurrently running an IM client (program) as well as be on the same IM network [7]. A conversation that occurs between two or more users is known as a session (or channel). A session can either be public, where any and all users can participate, or private, where users must be invited to participate in the session. Buddy lists, also known as contact lists, allow users to maintain communication with specific users of the same IM client and network. While each instant messaging program is unique, they all employ similar client-server architecture to send and receive m... ... [5] Gaudin, Sharon. â€Å"Norton Antivirus Attacks Instant Messaging.† www.instant-messaging.com. August 2002. [6] Grimes, Roger A. "IM Security Primer." www.secadministrator.com. May 2002. [7] Hindocha, Neal. â€Å"Instant Insecurity: Security Issues of Instant Messaging.† www.securityfocus.com. January 2003. [8] Hindocha, Neal. â€Å"Threats to Instant Messaging.† Symantec Security Response. January 2003. [9] Hu, Jim. â€Å"Worms Find Fertile Ground in IM.† www.cnetnews.com. August 2001. [10] Shinder, Thomas. â€Å"How to Block Dangerous Instant Messengers Using ISA Server.† www.windowssecurity.com. July 2002. [11] Thorsberg, Frank. â€Å"Is IM a Sieve for Corporate Secrets?† www.pcworld.com July 2002. [12] Varnosi, Robert. â€Å"The Problem with Instant Messaging Apps at Work.† www.cnet.com. August 2002

Media on sex miseducation Essay

This research paper tackles the contentious issues of the impacts of media on sex mis education as well as the child mistreatment. The paper zeros down on the problem by analyzing the prevalence and extend of the problem in the society . It shows the root causes of this problem like the demand for sexual materials by the public that compels the media to mislead the teens on sexual issues as they advertise using such materials and the advancement of technology that has made spread of information to be unlimited. The paper highlights the anticipated risks like social decay, spread of sexually transmitted diseases and upsurge of unwanted pregnancies as the dangers which may arise if the problem is not adequately addressed. Lastly, the paper suggests the possible solutions to this problem as putting in place constitutionally entrenched regulatory agencies to control the content of media products, giving more training to the media personnel on this problem and designing information which portrays the positive aspects of sexuality like family planning as well s being advocator for children’s’ rights. Introduction With the advent of information and communication technology the mass media sector has recorded enormous continuous growth over the last three decades (Keenan, 2007). Basically media refers to the channels that are used to convey information to the people. Media can be classified into two categories namely: the print and the broadcast media. The broadcast media includes the videos, radios, movies, internet, both the cable and broadcast channels and TVs while the print media includes the magazines and the newspapers. Studies have shown that the radio is the leading media for communication in the developing world followed by the TV while in developed countries TV and internet take the lead respectively. The mass media is very vital in the conveyance of information to the people and as such, the content of the information being communicated is of paramount importance since it models the behavior and attitude of people on their daily lives (Turtorn, 2008). This is manifested in the way they respond to their political, economical, social and cultural environments in which they live. Essentially, media has been of great help in all spheres of mankind’s life though with its uncontrolled growth and advancement of technology world over it has resulted to social deterioration and decay. This is has happened in the developed countries and in some urban areas of the developing countries where accessibility to the mass media has increased many folds as compared to the past ( Keenan,2007). Due to this trend, the media has led to sex miseducation and child maltreatment. Studies that have been done by leading research centers from various parts of the globe have indicated that the young people forms the highest number of people who use media with sexually oriented and child abuse programs. This is especially on media like the TV and the internet. The effects of media on sex miseducation While the prime role of any media is to inform the public about various aspects of life affecting them, it is evident that revenue generation has substituted this noble role upon which the purpose of media is anchored. This is primarily taking place due to unrelenting pressure of competition in the media industry from media providers. To fetch more consumers the media they must offer what the consumers demand. Studies have demonstrated that consumers of the media products are mostly attracted by products that are sexually oriented. According to Jacobvirtz (1999), most media providers accrue the highest proceeds from advertisements. As such for the media providers to capture the advertisement revenue, they are indirectly compelled by the consumers to accompany their advertisements with some sexual content which will boost their sales by attracting more customers. Advertisements of this nature take lead in promotions of the tourism, beauty, alcohol and music industries that are of great interest to the youth. In his research Turton (2008),points out that various characteristics of the TV like its accessibility ,popularity ,ability to persuade have made it a prominent instructor that provides a chance for viewers to get informed about matters of sex and sexuality without fear. It presents sex as something for the youth, unmarried, beautiful and who admire to become celebrities. As result of such misconception, this has led to the young people being victims of sexually transmitted diseases and especially the sweeping HIV and AIDS which has prove to be incurable so far. In a study by Braunwald(1995),it was revealed that about 66% of media coverage carry sexual content and during every season the media programs are designed with more sex oriented content compared to the last season. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that media programs that have high popularity among the teenagers contain information that is related to sexual matters. The effects of media on sex miseducation has had far reaching impacts to the youth, for instance studies have revealed that increased accessibility to mass media is directly associated with loss of contentment for virginity among the adolescents. Studies further disclose that teenagers who are for the view that sexual content should be displayed on the mass media have high chances of not being contented with their first encounter of making love. In addition, adolescents who have access to TV programs showing high sexual content, deem the incidences of casual sex experiences positively unlike the teenagers who have not been exposed to such programs. Also, various surveys have disclosed that young people who watch sex related movies are usually against the use of condoms which is unlike to the other youths. Finally ,in a research that was done by the American Association the Pediatrics(AAP) it was demonstrated that youths who were highly exposed to sexual shows over the mass media had increased chances of getting pregnant or impregnating others as compared to their colleagues who lacked exposure to such shows.

Stadium Contracts

Need to talk about criteria/ funding where the money came from The Wembley stadium was built using a Design and build Procurement strategy. A Design and build strategy is where a single contractor is responsible for both the design and construction of the stadium. The client must specify the type of building they require and the contractor proposes the best design to meet this, this information was found at the web address Building. co. uk. A design and build project allows the low risk factor as for the client has the contractor takes on the risk by offering a fixed cost contract.The web address designbuild-network. com states the original provision for a building cost was around ? 352m, with total project costs of ? 757m. A fixed price contract protects the client from any expiring costs, for example if the construction of the stadium was to have any over runs or delays. The main contractor building Wembley stadium was Multiplex (UK) Ltd and Cyril Sweett acted as independent consul tants to Wembley National Stadium Limited (WNSL). In April 2002 the client was advised by Cyril Sweet the Multiplex contract was representing value for money this was stated on web address designbuild-network. om. Although Multiplex was the main contractor the project was project managed by Symonds. From the outset of this project was focused on risk transfer, the WNSL passed on all the risk to Multiplex and Multiplex passed on the risk to Symonds. Although the procurement method between the WNSL and Multiplex was Design and build, the procurement strategy for Multiplex and their sub-contractors was solely focused on risk transfer and not the needs of the project. a discussion on the criteria which would have been used to select the procurement strategy / building contract.The project priorities was The management capability The extent of risk that WNSL were prepared to accept was http://www. building. co. uk/data/procurement-construction-management/3072705. article the http://www. designbuild-network. com/projects/wembley/ Terminal 5 The terminal 5 project procurement route was a single contract called the T5 agreement. The decision was made by BAA that rather than passing the risk on to the vast amount of contractors involved in the project, BAA would take on all the risk. The webs address christianwolmar. o. uk states Mathew Riley, the company’s commercial director for Terminal 5, realised the financial consequences of risk being passed to contractors was the reason many recent construction projects had failed. BAA realised that projects such as the Jubilee Line Extension, the Scottish Parliament and the Millennium Dome had not really worked because ultimately the risk would always fall back on itself. Also many recent projects where the risk was attempted to be passed resulted in massive legal claims and counterclaims.Terminal 5 was a large infrastructure project involving over 60 contractors, 16 major projects and 147 sub-projects on a 260ha site. With such a project BAA realised that if the projects were to be built on time and within budget that a unique approach would be required. This information was found at web address www. airport-technology. com As a result of not wanting to pass on the risk, the sheer size of the project and the amount of contactors needed to be involved. The T5 agreement was a legally binding contract between BAA and its contractors. This agreement llowed the contractors to concentrate on the project and solving problems rather than worrying about time delays and risk. Web address the times online explains the new Terminal Five at Heathrow is the current benchmark for construction best practice. The recipe is simple. A client that takes a level of ownership of project (in this case he created a challenging vision for how it wanted the project delivered); a procurement approach that offers incentives to all, for improvements in cost, or time or quality and; and a proven construction and design team w ho work in a collaborative and innovative way. ttp://www. christianwolmar. co. uk/2005/04/project-management-at-heathrow-terminal-5/ http://www. airport-technology. com/projects/heathrow5/ http://www. timesonline. co. uk/tol/comment/article700388. ece http://www. christianwolmar. co. uk/2005/04/project-management-at-heathrow-terminal-5/ Scottish Parliament Provide general background information on each project. cover the roles and responsibilities of the Client, Design Team and Contractor involved. The first Scottish parliament building was created in September 1997 after a referendum in which people of Scotland voted by almost three to one.The client, the Scottish government decided on building a complex building from a mixture of steel, oak, and granite. The procurement route chosen by the Scottish government was construction management. The web address www. parliament. uk explains the procurement route chosen was to turn out to be the most significant decisions during the project , and also states Construction management offers the advantage of speed but with the disadvantage of price uncertainty until the last has been leased.Construction management was chosen not only for allowing the project to be started quickly and the reduction in overall construction. But the procurement route allows for change in design during the project and problems are generally solved rather than passed around the separate contractors. Choosing construction management as a procurement strategy means the client is responsible for leading the project and must take liability for any risks or mistakes.The Scottish government would have to hire designers to design the building, then the design could have been put out to tender. The advantage of construction management is that all tenders are based on the same design and can be compared easily. The web address www. ehow. com explains the client then has a trade contractor then adds details to this plan and finalizes it with the client. After this, the client typically hires a construction manager to oversee the process and manage workers.Though the construction manager takes a strong, second-hand position the client is the person that is ultimately in charge. This allows a less experienced client to have control of the build with construction advise from the construction manager. a discussion on the criteria which would have been used to select the procurement strategy / building contract.http://www. ehow. com/about_6635095_construction-management-procurement_. html

Othello and the Outisder Essay

The play Othello by William Shakespeare, the book A Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess and the visual representation enrich understanding of the concept of the outsider through their use of both visual and literary techniques to depict outcast characters. The book A Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess enriches and explores the concept of the outsider through its use of first person narrative, motifs and rhetorical question and enriches our study of the outsider through its portrayal of Alex, the protagonist, as an outsider. â€Å"So I waited and, O my brothers, I got a lot better munching away at eggiwegs† A Clockwork Orange is written entirely in first person narrative, effectively making readers sympathetic towards Alex’s character and by repeatedly addressing the audience as â€Å"O, my brothers† as shown in the above quote, we are implicated in the actions taken by Alex. But in addressing the audience Alex separates himself from the action in the novel and presents himself as an outsider. Nadsat is a form of slang, a motif in this novel, created by Burgess solely for the novel. The effect of its use is a disjointed one, readers begin the novel feeling disoriented and confused. In turn, this alienates the audience. However as we begin to understand the language, it becomes a distinctive trademark of Alex, and thus estranges him from everyone else in the novel, as we begin to associate its use solely with him. â€Å"Like some bolshy gigantic like chelloveck, like old Bog Himself (by courtesy of Korova Milkbar) turning and turning and turning a vonny grahzny orange in his gigantic rookers† This quote is taken from the end of the novel. The use of nadsat at the end of the novel, when it has been discovered that his fellow droogs no longer use it, further alienates Alex. â€Å"What does God want? Does God want goodness or the choice of goodness? Is a man who chooses the bad perhaps in some way better than a man who has the good imposed upon him? † In this quote, Burgess uses rhetorical question to make the audience think about the reconditioning that Alex has been subjected to and how, because his ability to make choices has been taken away from him, his actions become meaningless. Forcing the audience to consider this highlights Alex’s outsider status. Using these literary techniques, Burgess establishes Alex as an outcast which in turn enriches our understanding of the outsider as in this novel we are able to explore the characterisation and actions of an estranged character. William Shakespeare’s Othello makes use of repetition, soliloquies and juxtaposition to depict Othello and Iago as outsiders, consequently enriching our study of the concept of the outsider. The repetition of racial epithets throughout the play cement Othello’s outsider status. Examples include: â€Å"a Barbary horse† and â€Å"an old black ram† The animalistic nature of these insults are a reflection of the racist attitudes that were commonplace in the society Shakespeare has created. Additionally, use of these epithets throughout the play continually degrade Othello and highlight his outcast status. Shakespeare uses soliloquies throughout Othello to reveal Iago’s plan. However, the use of soliloquy by Iago as a means to communicate with the audience casts him as an outsider as he connects more with the audience rather than his fellow characters, effectively ostracising himself. An example of this can be seen in Iago’s soliloquy in Act 2, Scene III: â€Å"And what’s he then that says I play the villain? When this advice is free I give and honest†¦ †¦ And out of her own goodness make the net That shall enmesh them all. † It is soliloquies like these, wherein Iago explains his actions, which also assist in estranging him from the audience, as the reader is never given a otive for Iago’s action – only what they entail. Shakespeare also makes use of juxtaposition to illustrate Othello’s alienation from society. In the quote: To fall in love with what she feared to look on? Shakespeare juxtaposes the ideas of love and fear to describe Brabantio’s disbelief that his daughter, Desdemona, would marr y a man like Othello. It highlights the racist attitudes of the Venetian society Shakespeare re-creates in his play, and emphasises Othello’s outsider status. Shakespeare’s use of a variety of literary techniques to portray estranged characters enriches our study of the outsider as we are able to study and analyse these characters and therefore understand the nature of the outsider. The visual representation uses visual techniques such as: gaze, motif, colour and tone and texture to depict the outsider. The use of direct gaze forces a connection between both the character and the viewer, influencing the viewer. The use of colour, or lack thereof, places emphasis on the window frame – hinting that the frame itself has a deeper meaning. The framing itself becomes a motif, as it is a depiction of how the way an alienated persona sees the outside world in the exact same way, no matter whether or not the person and surroundings change. In the visual representation, the use of colour on the framing only emphasises this feature giving it salience and it points out the fact that the framing is the only element that is repeated.. Additionally, the variety in tone and texture has a confusing and chaotic effect, reflecting the nature of the outsider. The visual produced, together with the original image, enriches study of the outsider as it passes comment (the nature of the outsider is perplexing and chaotic, yet is relatively the same no matter who is outcast) on the nature of the outsider, thus we develop a deeper understanding of this concept. The play Othello, the book A Clockwork Orange and the visual representation make use of both visual and literary technique to enrich the study of the outsider. The use of these techniques assist in the exploration of characters that have been alienated, hence we are able to learn more about the concept of the outsider.

Advertising for Kids

No matter what children are doing, they are always surrounded by advertisements. Whether it is watching television, Reading a book/magazine, or browsing the internet; advertisements are everywhere. Eric Schlosser has a good point when he argues in his essay â€Å"Kid Kustomers† that more advertisements are being directed towards children each day. It is not only directed toward children, but influencing children to beg their parents for products they do not need or even want. As in, the stuff they see on television are not essentials for life. Children want them simply because they â€Å"look cool. Schlosser explains how in the 1980’s parents felt bad for leaving their children at home all day without spending any quality time with them, so they started buying them good toys, clothes, or whatever else they wanted to make up for this (519). Prior to this, there were only a handful of companies that targeted children, and now almost every company is. For example, Schloss er describes a study published in 1991 from the Journal of the American Medical Association stating, â€Å"nearly all of America’s six-year-olds could identify Joe Camel, who was just as familiar to them as Mickey Mouse† (520).Schlosser later explains one-third of the illegal cigarettes sold to minors were Camel. However, more recently, there have been surveys conducted throughout the malls of America asking children to describe every detail they could about their favorite advertisements. One marketer explained, â€Å"It’s not just getting the kids to whine, it’s giving them a specific reason to ask for the product† (520). The marketer simply means, the advertisers goal is to make children to want the product. The product has to be loud, colorful, and interesting or they need to be able to do something with it to make them want it.For example, the study concluded the talking Chihuahua in the Taco Bell ads were the most popular out of the fast food ads, but the most popular out of all the ads was the ad for Budweiser. To add to the idea of marketers surveying children in the study in the previous paragraph, Schlosser uses the book Kids as Costumers by James U. McNeal as a source. McNeal describes the different ways of nagging children will do towards their parents in order to get what they want or to get their way.In order for children to do so, advertisers found a way to learn the children’s interest: by studying their lives, then putting the information into the advertisements (521-522). For instance, imagine a marketer discovered children who are girls enjoy watching television shows about fairies and/or play computer games that involve a cute animal mascot; the marketer will then somehow to put those subjects in an advertisement, young girls would want that product. After mentioning the different studies, Schlosser then explains how improving advertisements are more directed towards children.He ends the essay on a s trong not by explaining how the Walt Disney Company signed a contract with McDonalds. Schlosser states, â€Å"Now you can buy a Happy Meal at the Happiest Place on Earth† (526). By McDonalds and Disney combining, children are more likely to beg to their parents to go to Disney World. Eric Schlosser mentions some interesting points in the essay. He is correct when he states that advertisements are harshly aimed toward children. Reviewing back at the advertisements I remember seeing as a kid, when I about 10 years old, I remember looking at the advertisements and seeing amny items that caught my attention and interests.These interests were the following: drinks, toys, movies, new TV shows, and clothes. It makes me reflect on my behavior towards my parents when seeing such ads. While I currently have a younger sister, who watches cartoons, I have noticed the advertisements have declined from their original purposes. One of the declines that advertisements are played on the incor rect TV channels. For example, commercials for a rated PG-13 (or a higher rating movie) should not be played on a TV channel that little children watch.Today a great number of little kids have cellphones, laptops, expensive clothes, and so many more things children should not have, simply because they are not old enough. Cell phones are mainly used for when a person is not around anybody else; young children are always around an adult and if something were to go wrong, the adult would know who to call. According to James U. McNeal, there are seven types of â€Å"nags†: the pleading nag, persistent nag, forceful nag, demonstrative nag, sugarcoated nag, threatening nags, and pity nags. Then he describes his research discovered, â€Å"kids tend to stick to one or two of each that prove most effective . . for their own parents† (521). For example, a child could start crying in the middle of the store repeatedly saying â€Å"please mom/dad† until the parent either gi ves in. The same goes for a child whom could tell their parents they are going to run away if they do not give them a certain product, but either way, it is up to the parent on whether or not they will give in to the nags. Some children perform well at figuring out which nag works best. Everybody knows children (particularly small children) love all kinds of animals. However, do we know exactly how much? A study done by Dan S.Acuff, the author of the book What Kids Buy and Why, suggests that about 80% of children’s dreams are about animals until they are the age of six (522). Also it suggests the reason why so many characters in children’s TV shows and movies have animals as their mascots. Having so, helped the advertisement groups realize they needed new mascots. There is a Character Lab that helps companies make these new mascots, the Youth Market System Consulting that uses, â€Å"technique purports to create imaginary characters who perfectly fit the targeted age group’s level of cognitive and neurological development† (522).However, one flaw in Schlosser’s argument is he does not reflect on the positive advertisements children are watching every day. He mainly mentions how children want their parents to buy them fast food and cigarettes and alcoholic beverages. Though many advertisements are attempting to get children to buy healthy products. For example, I have seen from the TV my younger sister watches, some commercials are about getting out of the house and playing outside with friends. With this commercial, children will get excited to get out of the house and play with outdoor toys, getting exercise, and interacting with other children.Another commercial on the Disney Channel there was an advisement with Michelle Obama telling children to eat healthier and she while gave diet tips. Not only does this advertisement have a popular person in it, but that popular person is the President’s wife. Having her in the ad influences the children to have excitement because they are doing something the President’s wife wants. In addition, this advertisement has children asking their parents for healthier food choices around the house and they will rely the diet tips to their parents.In addition, there are many other commercials on Disney Channel about â€Å"going green† and recycling. On the other hand, there are â€Å"Above the Influence† commercials that express to children that drinking alcohol, smoking cigarettes, and doing drugs are a bad habit, but they always have the option to say â€Å"no. † Without advertisements like these, children would not be as well educated as they are about it now. These types of advertisements make children ask questions to parents, teachers, and older siblings about what is considered right and wrong and the different types of foods that should be in the house.This also helps children focus on more than the TV or computer. In all, sever al points can be made about whether or not advertisements positively or negatively affect kids, or if they are making people buy more products. I believe most advertisements do have a negative effect on children and there should be laws in place to keep this from getting worse. However, in the end Eric Schlosser has declared many points to suggest that his study is correct. He has many sources which proves his knowledge about this topic prior to writing about it.In addition, he orders the essay really well by stating his opinion then backing it up with facts. The only thing he does not preform do in his essay, is explaining and expanding on the other side. Other than that, the essay is good and has made myself pay more attention to whom the advertisement is aimed toward. Works Cited Schlosser, Eric. â€Å"Kid Kustomers. † From Inquiry to Academic Writing. 2nd ed. Ed. Stuart Green and April Lidinsky. Boston: Bedford/ St. Martin’s, 2012. 519-527. Print.

Film Extreme Measures Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Film Extreme Measures - Movie Review Example Taking someone's life into there own hands just to prove a research which benefits only certain type of people and not the whole society is absolutely wrong. Definitely, Luthan does not sympathize with Myrick's viewpoint to support research. He retorts by saying "I don't care if you find a cure for every disease on the planet! You tortured and murdered those men upstairs, and that makes you a disgrace to your profession!". The rule utilitarianism in this movie is that doctors believes that a good doctor is not torturing and murdering people, they took an oath to choose "what's best for their patient and what they didn't choose to be". (Dr Luthan) Guy Luthan who is a young doctor who tries to investigate a case where one of his patients dies with baffling symptoms. His efforts to investigate were not only a failure but the man's body also mysteriously disappears and his colleagues were unhelpful. He discovers that a number of leading doctors, including the eminent neurosurgeon Dr Myrick, are carrying out unethical experiments on homeless people in an attempt to find a cure for spinal injuries. When Dr Luthan is trying to find out the cause of death of the homeless, there were twist and turns of events In this process Dr Luthan becomes involved with the FBI and with Dr Myrick. The main aim of Dr Myrick is to find a cure paralysis. For this purpose he does not even feel guilty of murdering a human life of a homeless person just to remove his healthy nerve and grow them in victim's vertebrae. 3. Identify the ethical premise of the movie. The ethical premise of the movie "Extreme Measures" is in the scene in emergency room when Dr Luthan was given a choice that goes first on being operated. He chooses the wounded policeman over the more serious druggie. When the body of a man who died in the emergency room disappears, Dr. Luthun begins to ask questions that nobody wants to hear. Sacrificing a human life to cure certain number or paralyzed person. 4. Do the following characters follow act or rule utilitarian principles Give examples from the movie to support your answers. a) Dr Luthan: He follows the Rule Utilitarian principles as he denied the request of Dr Myrick in being part of the Triphase. He believes that "Great doctor have to do the right thing" and killing people to gain something is not the right thing to do. b) Dr Myrick: He follows the Act Utilitarian principles as he is only focusing on the end result which is curing the paralyzed and not thinking the immoral and unethical effect to other human life. He is behind name and fame because just being recognized on being the first to cure paralysis and getting the credit is his priority and not the consequences behind the cure. 5.) What is the ethical problem or ethical dilemma of the film In other words, what is it that the characters are doing that might have some ethical problems Dr Myrick's vision in making a paralyze person is giving him hope, a hope that he would be able to walk again and back to old life. But his ethical dilemma is that his vision of finding cure for paralysis is on the basis of sacrificing other human life. The other ethical dilemma is

Public Relations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Public Relations - Assignment Example Researching of famous personalities and their job descriptions proves helpful as it highlights the related areas for application (Andrews, 2009). I started my job hunt online by searching for a list of jobs under public relations covering media and journalism. I came up with a list of jobs I researched online. They include; The search gives the range of jobs with general specifications on the qualifications. However, I establish direct chat with the online operators for further assistance on the specifications of the public relation jobs (Andrews, 2009). Direct online chats with the various targeted companies confirm the job availability and the terms of the firms. Online job research for public relations gives a wide range of jobs. It is effective and easy. One has to know the various internet links and how to upload resumes in applying for jobs (Davis, 2003). Various questions still arise on the proper steps for online research in public relations. The qualification each job requires is still in